Have you done an analisis Sejarah SPM before? Or for any other subjects? Doing analisis Sejarah SPM can help you understand how papers are graded and what topics to focus on to score high marks. It can also serve as a guide to understanding your weak areas.
Knowing the marking scheme and the hot topics can be extremely beneficial because the former helps you answer more effectively to earn the maximum points, and the latter enables you to be better prepared on exam day.
An analisis Sejarah SPM doesn’t necessarily mean you need to put on your sleuth hat and spend hours on the internet to find trends and hot topics on your own. In fact, this is exactly what most tuition centres or seminars already share as SPM hot topics, popular topics or even soalan ramalan, you just need to know how to use them effectively.
Instead of getting frustrated or giving up, let’s learn how to do analisis SPM Sejarah to answer soalan accurately and aim for the highest score. Let’s dive in and discover how smart strategies can turn your preparation into results.
Analisis Sejarah SPM: Marking Scheme, Paper Patterns & Hot Topic
- Why You Need to Do Analisis Sejarah SPM?
- Past Year Topic Patterns in Kertas 2
- SPM Grading System
- Skema Pemarkahan
- A Guide to the Syllabus
- How to Score in Paper 1?
- How to Score in Paper 2 - Section A & B?
Why You Need to Do Analisis Sejarah SPM?
You may still be wondering why you need to do an analisis Sejarah SPM. Well, this is not necessarily a compulsory step in your revision; however, it offers many benefits when done. You don’t need to do this as an additional activity or step to figure out the trends. This can actually be done while you’re revising. But before that, let’s take a look at why this can be beneficial to you:
- Identify frequently tested topics: By analysing Kertas peperiksaan lepas and trial papers, you can see which topics feature often in both kertas 1 and kertas 2. This allows you to focus more on high-probability soalan and master areas where you’re weaker.
- Improve answering techniques: Looking at model answers and skema pemarkahan shows you how to structure your answers, what keywords to use, and how much detail is needed. This can boost your marks significantly.
- Spot your weak areas: When you do an analysis, you’ll not only notice frequently tested topics, but also the topics you need extra practice with. This gives you a clear picture of your strengths and weaknesses
Having said that, it doesn’t mean the analysis will always be 100% accurate. As with any prediction, there’s a high likelihood that the analysis could be inaccurate, but it still provides valuable insight to prioritise your revision effectively.
Past Year Topic Patterns in SPM Sejarah Kertas 2 [1249/2]
Now, let’s take a look at the analisis tajuk patterns throughout the years.
| These are some of the hot topics that were seen regularly in the SPM examinations. | These are some of the key themes that are worth keeping in mind: |
|---|---|
| 1. Perlembagaan & Demokrasi | 1. National unity |
| 2. Pembentukan Malaysia | 2. Role of leaders |
| 3. Membina Kemakmuran Negara | 3. Post-independence challenges |
| 4. Kebangkitan Nasionalisme | 4. International relations |
| 5. Konflik Dunia dan Pendudukan Jepun di Negara Kita | |
| 6. Perlembagaan Persekutuan Tanah Melayu 1957 |
⚠️ Note: Note: This is not an exhaustive list. Our analysis is based only on publicly available information online, not a full in-depth review of every paper. The purpose here is simply to show you what a basic analysis might look like, not to serve as a complete study guide
However, you can find a detailed analysis done by this website to give you a clearer look at the topics tested over the years 2021-2024. Though there’s no guarantee that this is the latest version (as it doesn’t include SPM Ulangan), it serves as a reliable reference for viewing and understanding the analysis.
Ever better if you can do this on your own. It’s simple, just gather the Kertas peperiksaan lepas from the last five years (yes, including the period where the new format was not implemented), and analyse them by topic and by question. After that, identify which topics were almost guaranteed to come out and which ones are possible ‘trick’ topics. Then, focus heavily on the high-chance topics, but don’t ever ignore the rest - that can end up in disaster. Instead, know the topics well enough to be able to answer them if they ever come up.
This may sound tedious and time-consuming, but it’s worth doing, considering the stakes are high for the subject – you need to pass to obtain the SPM certificate. So, just spend some time every day or do it together with a friend.
Once again, whatever the analisasi might be, it’s always smart to be prepared for all the topics because for bahagian A in kertas 2, you’ll need to answer all the soalan and they’ll test the Form 4 and Form 5 syllabuses. Never ignore a chapter because it didn’t come up in your analysis. Use past-year analyses as a reference to prioritise your revision, but ensure you understand all topics to be fully prepared for the peperiksaan.
Wondering where to find Kertas peperiksaan lepas? In this article, we explain where to access them and share tips on how to stay consistent with your revision.
Examiners reward students who connect events, causes, and consequences, not just list facts.
SPM Grading System
The SPM grading system is standardised and serves as an accurate guide to how each student has performed. Because of this, the SPM exam results reflect your performance in the upper secondary level of form four and form five.
To better understand the marking scheme, it is best to look at the current grading system for all SPM subjects as shown below:
Score / Grade / Level
90 – 100 : A+ : Cemerlang Tertinggi
80 – 89 : A : Cemerlang Tinggi
70 – 79 : A- : Cemerlang
65 – 69 : B+ : Kepujian Tertinggi
60 – 64 : B : Kepujian Tinggi
55 – 59 : C+ : Kepujian Atas
50 – 54 : C : Kepujian
45 – 49 : D : Lulus Atas
>40 – 44 : E : Lulus
0 – 39 : G : Gagal
TH : TH : Tidak Hadir
You should take note of the SPM grading system to better understand your results. Knowing how your grades are calculated will help you see where you currently stand and allow you to set realistic goals to improve your future performance.
You need to start preparing early and avoid cramming at the last minute. If you are not getting good grades at the moment, it is ok. Do not give up. Start studying and revising. The earlier you do this, the better prepared you will be.
At the start of the school term, take some time to analyse old kertas peperiksaan, taking note of their structure and content. At first, this task may seem long, difficult and complex. However, as you continue studying, you will gain confidence in both the content and the types of questions asked. Eventually, it will become much less daunting than it was at the beginning.
Skema Pemarkahan SPM Kertas Sejarah: How is it Graded?
We’ve looked at the overall grades in SPM and what they constitute. Now, let’s take a look at the skema permarkahan. It’s important to know how marks are allotted and understand what the pemeriksa are looking for in your answers. While there’s no detailed information about the breakdown of the marks, however, we managed to find what the pemeriksa think of as high and moderate performance answers. But before that, let’s take a look at the assessment format.
Paper 1
Subject Code: 1249/1
Exam Format: Objective
Time: 1 hour
Full Marks: 40
Contains 40 multiple-choice soalan
All soalan must be answered
Each question carries 1 mark
Paper 2
Subject Code: 1249/2
Exam Format: Subjective
Time: 2 hours 30 minutes
Full Marks: 100
Contains 2 parts, which are Section A and Section B.
Section A :
Contains 4 structured soalan
All soalan must be answered
Each question carries 10 marks
Section B :
Contains 5 essay soalan
Candidates have to answer 3 soalan only
Each question carries 20 marks
The marks are broken down as follows:
Paper 1 = 40
Paper 2 = 100
Total marks = 140
The calculation for the final marks is as shown below:
For paper 1, it’s pretty straightforward to understand how they are marked. You’ll need to choose the right answer. You get one mark if you got the answer right and no marks if you got it wrong.
However, for kertas 2, the marks are determined (from the allotted marks) based on your answers. According to Kupasan Mutu Jawapan Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia, here are the examples of what the exam council consider high-performance (prestasi tinggi) and moderate/average-performance (prestasi sederhana) answers.
Let’s take a look at the sample question and answer taken from the source mentioned above:
Bahagian A
Soalan 1 (a):
1. Akhbar Semangat Asia berikut dikeluarkan oleh tentera Jepun sewaktu menjajah Tanah Melayu.
a. Apakah tujuan akhbar tersebut diterbitkan?
Contoh jawapan prestasi tinggi:
Tujuan akhbar tersebut diterbitkan ialah untuk melakukan propaganda bagi menanam sikap anti penjajah dan mengharapkan rakyat untuk percaya kepada Jepun.
Conton jawapan prestasi sederhana:
Tujuan akhbar tersebut diterbitkan adalah untuk mendapat kepercayaan penduduk Asia Tenggara.
Let’s assume the question above was worth 2 marks; the second answer (contoh jawapan prestasi rendah) may only get 1-1.5 marks. We believe the mark is determined by the answers and how the examiner decides it.
So, basically, this is how the examiners are marking your papers – looking for the keywords, dates, facts, and other relevant details to the question. You can find more examples like this in the Kupasan Mutu Jawapan booklet to learn what the pemeriksa are looking for and how to provide answers that will get you the full marks.
To understand the marking scheme, it’s important to examine the difficulty levels applied to both papers. The same difficulty ratios of 5:3:2 are applied across both papers. The ratio represents 5- low (rendah), 3-moderate (sederhana), and 2-high (tinggi), also known as Aras R, S & T – similar to SPM Bahasa Melayu.
The largest percentage of the ratio (5-low) goes to aras kesukaran rendah, which means the soalan in this category can be answered by more than 60% of the candidates. Meanwhile, at the second level, the moderate level (3- aras kesukaran sederhana), the soalan can be answered by 40%-60% of the candidates.
Lastly, at the highest level (2- aras kesukaran tinggi), the soalan can only be answered by less than 40% of the candidates.
So, let’s take a deeper look at how the papers are structured, applying the ratio above, alongside the format, cognitive skills tested, and scoring method for each paper.
| SPM Sejarah Kertas 1 (1249/1) | SPM Sejarah Kertas 2 (1249/2) | |
|---|---|---|
| Format | 40 MCQ (answer all) Form 4 & 5 syllabuses | Part A: Structured limited response Part B: Open response (KBAT questions) |
| Cognitive skills tested | Remembering Understanding Applying Analysing | Remembering Understanding Applying Analysing Evaluate Creating |
| Difficulty levels | 5 (low)- Majority of questions 3- (moderate) A few questions 2- (high) 2-3 or more questions | 5 (low)- Some Part A questions 3- (moderate) Part A & B questions 2- (high) Mostly part B essay KBAT questions |
| Scoring method | Dichotomous (right/wrong, choose one right answer) | Analytical & Holistic |
This is why it’s important to understand what the pemeriksa are looking for and how your papers are graded. It helps you adjust the way you answer soalan to maximise your marks.
If you would like to view the complete format for each SPM subject, you can download it from the Lembaga Peperiksaan official website.
A Guide to the SPM Buku Sejarah Syllabus
Since we have a clear understanding of the SPM grading system and the marking scheme, let's get to know the syllabus.
The current syllabus is based on the Secondary School Standard Curriculum (Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Menengah - KSSM), which was implemented in stages in 2017 in order to replace the Middle School Integrated Curriculum (Kurikulum Bersepadu Sekolah Menengah - KBSM), first implemented in 1989.
Please keep in mind that you will be tested based on what you have learned in both Form 4 and Form 5 for the peperiksaan.
The syllabus for Form 4 has been compiled under the theme of Nation Building, starting from nationalism in Malaysia before the Second World War, the struggle of the people towards the independence of the homeland and the independence of the Federation of Malaya.
The syllabus for Form 5, on the other hand, has been compiled under the theme of Malaysia and the future, starting from the strengthening of national sovereignty, the formation of Malaysia, the prosperity of the country and Malaysia on the world stage.
The subject aims to provide an understanding of society, Malaysia and the world. This effort can foster and strengthen self-identity and the spirit of loyalty to the country, and shape Malaysians who are not only knowledgeable but also aware of our history.
It also aims to create a spirit of unity, a sense of belonging, and national awareness and strengthen the feeling of love for the country.
Looking for a complete guide to Sejarah SPM? We’ve got you covered with a detailed guide written just for you!
How to Score in Paper 1?
Read the question and all the options carefully. Understand what the question is asking in order to answer correctly. Rule out the options that you are sure are wrong. Then, choose the most suitable answer among the four options. You can familiarise yourself with the exam format and question patterns by looking at the Kertas peperiksaan lepas to practice answering similar questions.
How to Score in Paper 2 - Section A?
Many candidates are prone to answering only part of the question's requirements. They tend to give general answers based on logical thinking without relating to historical facts when it comes to Section A of Paper 2. The lack of knowledge when it comes to concepts and terms of historical events is clearly reflected in the mediocre quality of answers provided in the peperiksaan.
Furthermore, candidates usually provide limited facts which are incomplete, and the language used is inaccurate or fails to capture the examiner’s interest.
In order to score well in section A, you must provide facts accurately based on the requirements of the question. For the Higher-Level Thinking Skills (Kemahiran Berfikir Aras Tinggi - KBAT) soalan, you should state accurate facts with in-depth descriptions and appropriate examples.
KBAT is the ability to apply knowledge, skills and values in reasoning and reflection to solve problems, reach conclusions, innovate and be able to create something. KBAT includes critical thinking, creative and reasoning skills, as well as thinking strategies. Candidates who are able to communicate using good language and make accurate inferences will definitely score well in this paper. Want more tips to score well in this paper? Check out our comprehensive guide that covers everything you need to know for exam preparation and how to answer the soalan effectively.
How to Score in Paper 2 - Section B?
Most candidates do not have a good grasp of historical facts, which causes them to give general answers. Even though they have read the textbooks, they do not have a clear understanding of the historical facts, terms and concepts. Therefore, many are unable to give effective answers to soalan which require them to state the concepts of history or historical facts and events.
There are also occasions where their answers reflect some facts that they are able to remember, but these facts lack an in-depth explanation. Answering based on logic alone and poor use of language to communicate their arguments and reasons in section B leads to many failing to score well.
In order to score well in section B, you must be able to state and explain facts accurately based on the requirements of the question. Here, you should demonstrate the ability to not only remember facts but also describe them well.
There are plenty of resources available, such as YouTube videos and dedicated websites with good practice questions and notes to help you ace the history subject for SPM. You must keep an open mind and put in the required effort rather than give up on the subject because you find it challenging.
As for the KBAT questions, provide sufficient facts and back up these facts with in-depth explanations and relevant examples. Another vital point to score is having a good command of language to be able to explain each fact effectively and in detail. Looking for a study plan for the subject, including how to build habits, create a schedule, and stay consistent to achieve higher scores? We’ve got a guide that covers it all.
Struggling with Paper 2 essays? Check out the video below for smart answering strategies!
Bimbingan Pakar: Optimise Your Kertas Sejarah SPM with a Tutor
If you find it challenging to do all this on your own, a Superprof tutor can help. Tutors can:
- Guide you through the Kertas peperiksaan lepas and trial papers
- Help you understand the marking scheme and train you to achieve the full marks
- Provide personalised study plans based on your strengths and weaknesses
- Conduct mock papers and offer feedback on your performance
- Provide insights on analisis Sejarah SPM based on their experience in teaching the subject
- Our average lesson starts from RM 51
- Choose to learn online or in person
You can ask more if you have specific needs in mind. Browse through our website and select a tutor to talk to before booking. Even better, most tutors offer a free first session, so you can try the class before committing to it long-term.
A right tutor can help you improve performance, strengthen your understanding, and score high marks in the paper.
Find your tutor on Superprof today and start your journey to mastering the subject!
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